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The MACRO trial demonstrates that endoscopic sinus surgery significantly improves quality of life in adults with chronic rhinosinusitis, while long-term low-dose clarithromycin shows no added benefit over placebo.
A multicentre randomized trial evaluated adjunctive corticosteroids in HIV-negative severe Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia, showing a non-significant reduction in 28-day mortality and no safety concerns, and calls for further targeted rese
The endTB-Q trial assessed the efficacy and safety of a shortened BDLC regimen versus WHO standard care in rifampicin-resistant and fluoroquinolone-resistant tuberculosis, finding BDLC non-inferior in mITT but overall not non-inferior, high
Mepolizumab significantly reduces moderate to severe COPD exacerbations in patients with elevated eosinophils on triple inhaled therapy, marking a promising advance for eosinophilic COPD management.
The PROSA 2 trial demonstrates that high-flow nasal oxygen significantly reduces hypoxaemia time and events compared to conventional low-flow oxygen in COPD patients undergoing bronchoscopy, improving procedural safety without compromising
This study elucidates that airway eosinophilia in COPD is linked to enhanced type 2 inflammation in airway epithelium and predicts responsiveness to inhaled corticosteroids, revealing a distinct COPD endotype with potential for precision th
A randomized crossover trial reveals low-dose morphine in COPD does not improve sleep efficiency or breathlessness but may cause nocturnal hypoventilation, raising safety concerns despite unchanged next-day alertness.
Add-on dupilumab significantly improves health-related quality of life and respiratory symptoms in COPD patients with type 2 inflammation, according to pooled results from the BOREAS and NOTUS phase 3 trials.
Resistance exercise induces prolonged increases in glutamate production in older adults with COPD and healthy controls, highlighting unique metabolic adaptations that may influence pulmonary rehabilitation outcomes and muscle health.
The FRONTIER-4 phase 2a trial evaluated tozorakimab, an anti-IL-33 monoclonal antibody, in moderate-to-severe COPD with chronic bronchitis. While the primary endpoint was unmet in the overall population, efficacy signals emerged in patients
This study reveals how thoracoabdominal asynchrony (TAA) during exercise reflects lung function severity and predicts breathlessness in very severe COPD patients, highlighting its potential to guide personalized respiratory support strategi
The eVENT study demonstrates that telemonitoring combined with remote support significantly improves arterial CO2 control and home NIV adherence compared to usual care, highlighting a promising approach to optimize chronic respiratory failu
The THERAPY-HYBRID-BPA study demonstrates that continuing riociguat after balloon pulmonary angioplasty maintains exercise capacity in patients with inoperable chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension without increasing adverse events.
Implementation of cardiopulmonary POCUS in hospitalist management of undifferentiated dyspnea significantly reduces hospital length of stay and costs, though adoption remains limited, highlighting the need for sustained training and support
The SOOTHE phase 2b trial demonstrates that camlipixant, a P2X3 antagonist, significantly reduces cough frequency and improves quality of life in refractory chronic cough patients, with a favorable safety profile, supporting its potential a
The INTEGRIS-IPF trial demonstrates that bexotegrast is well tolerated and may reduce lung function decline in IPF patients, offering hope for a novel antifibrotic therapy.
A comprehensive analysis from the TBTC Study 31/ACTG A5349 reveals that flat dosing of pyrazinamide at 1,000 mg daily optimizes efficacy and safety, challenging current weight-banded dosing strategies for drug-susceptible tuberculosis.
A randomized clinical trial in South Australian long-term care facilities found germicidal UV light appliances did not significantly reduce acute respiratory infection rates per cycle but modestly lowered total infections over time, suggest
A large phase 4 trial found carbocysteine did not significantly reduce exacerbation rates or improve lung function in mild-to-moderate COPD, suggesting limited benefit beyond severe cases.
The DANFLU-2 trial demonstrates that high-dose influenza vaccine reduces cardiovascular and cardiorespiratory hospitalizations compared to standard-dose in adults ≥65 years, with similar benefits across subgroups including heart failure and
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