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A 1,565‑participant pragmatic randomized trial shows metformin added to lifestyle counseling produced modest but statistically significant reductions in BMI Z-score at 6 and 24 months in overweight/obese children and adolescents with bipola
A large, pragmatic randomized trial found that adjunctive metformin produced a modest but statistically significant reduction in BMI Z-score at 6 and 24 months among overweight and obese youth with bipolar spectrum disorders treated with se
A longitudinal, nationally representative cohort study found that within-person transition from current to former cigarette smoking was associated with a 30–43% higher odds of sustained recovery from other substance use disorders, supportin
A pragmatic cluster randomized trial found that adding OUD-specific components to collaborative care in primary care clinics reduced days of opioid use more than collaborative care for mental health alone, without clear additional mental he
In ENLIGHTEN, a biomarker-guided randomized trial, ANK3-positive patients with treatment‑resistant depression randomized to liafensine achieved larger MADRS improvements than placebo (mean difference −4.4; 95% CI −7.6 to −1.3; P = .006), wi
A randomized trial in adults with moderate–severe cannabis use disorder found 12 weeks of supervised HIIT did not improve a composite MRI measure of hippocampal integrity versus strength/resistance training; exercise participation was feasi
A 2‑arm randomized trial (MSPIRE) found brief cognitive behavioral therapy (BCBT) significantly reduced suicide attempts versus present‑centered therapy in suicidal military personnel and veterans, despite comparable reductions in suicidal
A large Danish register and genetic study shows overlapping but distinct environmental and genetic risk factors for nonfatal suicide attempts and death by suicide, with chronic and functional health problems linked more to attempts and seve
A double‑blind RCT in 160 healthy adults found that intranasal oxytocin combined with structured positive interaction and daily physical intimacy (affectionate touch, sex) was associated with reduced cortisol and modestly faster dermatologi
A prospective Danish cohort found that adults reporting lifetime sexual assault had substantially higher 5‑year incidence of functional somatic disorders—especially multiorgan FSD and chronic widespread pain—after adjustment for psychosocia
Sleep disorders and depression are common in people living with HIV. Modafinil may improve daytime sleepiness, fatigue and cognition—especially for OSA-related EDS or augmentation in depression—but HIV-specific RCT data and ART interaction
Sleep disturbances and mood disorders profoundly affect people living with HIV. Modafinil emerges as a promising therapy addressing daytime sleepiness, depression, and cognitive challenges, improving quality of life.
A 151‑trial network meta‑analysis of 58,534 participants shows marked differences among 30 antidepressants in weight, blood pressure, heart rate, lipids, glucose and liver enzymes; findings support individualized choice and targeted baselin
A 2023 population survey of 4,002 adults in the UK and US found that positive screens for avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) were common among people with disorders of gut–brain interaction (DGBI) and associated with greater
A prospective observational study of 37 adults with insomnia reports high adherence and no serious adverse events with 40 Hz light–sound flicker and sleep-diary improvements in sleep onset, arousals, and total sleep time; limitations includ
A meta-analysis of 36 RCTs (n=2,500) found aerobic exercise significantly reduces depressive symptoms in people with chronic illness (Hedges’ g -0.73). A weekly dose of ≈405 MET‑min (≈120–135 min of moderate aerobic activity) reaches
In an ADNI longitudinal cohort, persistently elevated depressive symptoms over 36 months after MCI diagnosis were associated with a dose‑dependent, substantially higher hazard of conversion to Alzheimer’s disease over long-term follow-up.
In two large Alzheimer cohorts, a history of depression, anxiety, or PTSD and an increased number of psychiatric comorbidities were associated with earlier age at AD symptom onset by up to ~7–8 years for multi-morbidity.
Emerging evidence links WFS1-driven ER stress to serotonergic/cholinergic disruption, executive dysfunction, and circadian dysregulation in Wolfram syndrome. This article synthesizes recent data, outlines chrono‑informed clinical assessment
This article reviews the latest findings on human alcohol metabolism, covering evolutionary biology, systemic and brain-specific pathways, genetic and physiological modulators, clinical implications of metabolic variability, and emerging th
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