Diabetes & Endocrinology甲状腺功能
甲状腺功能随年龄变化的自然历程：一项涵盖31项前瞻性队列研究的13.7万参与者个体数据分析
By MedXY|May 6, 2026
大规模国际研究发现甲状腺功能随年龄变化存在性别和碘状态差异。虽然多数人甲状腺功能稳定且TSH轻微升高，但任何变化模式均与全因死亡风险增加1.8-2.5倍相关，这对老年甲状腺健康管理具有重要临床意义。
Diabetes & Endocrinology
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Diabetes & EndocrinologyGLP-1 receptor agonistmajor depressive disorder
Semaglutide Reduced Effort Discounting and Improved Motivation Signals in Major Depressive Disorder
By MedXY|May 5, 2026
In a 16-week randomized trial, adjunctive oral semaglutide improved effort-based decision-making in adults with major depressive disorder and overweight or obesity, suggesting a potential role for GLP-1 receptor agonism in reward-related dy
Diabetes & EndocrinologyACR TI-RADSfine-needle aspiration
ACR TI-RADS Reduced Repeat Thyroid Ultrasound but Did Not Lower Biopsy or Surgery Rates in Real-World Practice
By MedXY|May 4, 2026
In a large single-center retrospective study, ACR TI-RADS implementation decreased follow-up thyroid ultrasound but did not reduce fine-needle aspiration, surgery, cancer yield, or overall costs.
Diabetes & Endocrinologybiochemical persistent diseasecalcitonin doubling rate
Calcitonin Doubling Rate Sharpens Postoperative Recurrence Risk Stratification in Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma With Biochemical Persistent Disease
By MedXY|May 4, 2026
In medullary thyroid carcinoma with biochemical persistent disease after surgery, an early postoperative calcitonin doubling rate of at least 0.3/year strongly identified patients at higher recurrence risk and may help tailor surveillance i
Diabetes & Endocrinologydiabeteshyperglycemia
Teprotumumab for Thyroid Eye Disease Carries a Measurable Long-Term Dysglycemia Risk
By MedXY|May 3, 2026
A large multinational cohort study found that teprotumumab use in thyroid eye disease was associated with higher risks of prediabetes, diabetes, and antidiabetes medication initiation over 5 years.
Diabetes & Endocrinologygut microbiomeHispanic/Latina women
Gut Microbiome Signatures May Help Explain Why Gestational Diabetes Raises Later Type 2 Diabetes Risk in Hispanic/Latina Women
By MedXY|Aug 18, 2026
In HCHS/SOL, prior gestational diabetes was linked to a proinflammatory gut microbiome, adverse metabolite patterns, and higher future type 2 diabetes risk, suggesting a plausible microbiome-mediated pathway after pregnancy.
Diabetes & EndocrinologyBệnh Cushingectopic ACTH secretion
Urinary Free Cortisol Thresholds Sharpen the Differential Diagnosis of ACTH-Dependent Cushing’s Syndrome
By MedXY|May 3, 2026
A Spanish multicenter validation study shows that urinary free cortisol expressed as multiples of the upper limit of normal can meaningfully stratify the likelihood of ectopic ACTH secretion versus Cushing’s disease.
Clinical UpdatesCGMGiám sát Bệnh nhân Từ xa
Cost-Effectiveness of Continuous Glucose Monitoring Combined with Remote Patient Monitoring in Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes
By MedXY|May 5, 2026
A landmark simulation study demonstrates that adding remote patient monitoring to continuous glucose monitoring in pediatric T1D patients significantly improves QALYs and is highly cost-effective compared to standard care.
CardiologyDPP‑4 inhibitorsGLP-1 receptor agonists
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Show Lower Heart Failure Risk Versus DPP-4 Inhibitors in Type 2 Diabetes
By MedXY|May 2, 2026
New research comparing diabetes medications reveals GLP-1 receptor agonists lower heart failure hospitalization risk compared to DPP-4 inhibitors, while showing similar risk to SGLT-2 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes patients.
Diabetes & Endocrinologyglucose absorptioninsulin resistance
Oral Glucose Absorption Enhanced in Early Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease
By MedXY|Apr 30, 2026
New research reveals accelerated glucose absorption in early MASLD patients, independent of gastric emptying. This metabolic alteration may drive liver disease progression before hepatic insulin resistance develops.
Diabetes & Endocrinologyinsulin resistanceMASLD
Early MASLD Is Associated With Enhanced Oral Glucose Absorption Independent of Gastric Emptying
By MedXY|Apr 30, 2026
Stable-isotope OGTT data suggest that early MASLD is linked to higher oral glucose absorption, independent of gastric emptying, with preserved hepatic insulin suppression but impaired peripheral glucose clearance.
Diabetes & Endocrinologyautoimmune thyroiditisenvironmental health
Microplastics in Human Thyroid: A Potential Trigger for Autoimmune Thyroiditis
By MedXY|Apr 29, 2026
Microplastics detected in thyroid tissues show higher concentrations in autoimmune thyroiditis patients, suggesting a potential environmental link to thyroid autoimmunity.
Diabetes & EndocrinologyEthnicitymental health
Ethnicity, Migration, and Mental Health: Independent Risk Factors Persist in Type 2 Diabetes Disparities
By MedXY|Apr 29, 2026
A cohort study reveals persistent ethnic disparities in type 2 diabetes risk, with migration status and mental health conditions as independent contributors, highlighting unmet needs in addressing structural determinants of health inequalit
Diabetes & Endocrinologyartificial intelligenceincidental thyroid findings
AI-Driven Insights into Incidental Thyroid Findings: Prevalence, Clinical Impact, and the Overdiagnosis Dilemma
By MedXY|Apr 29, 2026
A retrospective cohort study using AI to analyze radiology reports reveals high prevalence of incidental thyroid findings, strong association with diagnostic cascades, and potential overdiagnosis of low-risk thyroid cancers.
Diabetes & EndocrinologylifestylePhysical Activity
Intermittent Lifestyle Physical Activity: A Promising Strategy for Type 2 Diabetes Prevention
By MedXY|Apr 29, 2026
Brief, intermittent bouts of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity during daily routines may significantly reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes in adults who do not engage in leisure-time exercise.
Diabetes & Endocrinologycontinuous glucose monitoringGlycemic Control
Real-Time CGM Outperforms SMBG in Glycemic Control for Type 2 Diabetes on Basal Insulin Plus Modern Therapies
By MedXY|Apr 29, 2026
The FreeDM2 trial demonstrates that real-time CGM significantly improves HbA1c levels compared to SMBG in adults with type 2 diabetes on basal insulin and modern therapies, with sustained benefits over 32 weeks.
Cardiologycardiovascular riskdifferentiated thyroid cancer
Prolonged TSH Suppression in Postmenopausal Thyroid Cancer Patients Linked to Worse Cardiovascular and Quality-of-Life Outcomes
By MedXY|Apr 30, 2026
Study finds long-term TSH suppression in postmenopausal women with thyroid cancer correlates with poorer cardiovascular health, reduced quality of life, and increased osteoporosis risk compared to controls.
Diabetes & Endocrinologyexercise snacksGlycemic Control
Exercise Snacks Improve Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes: A Real-World Randomized Crossover Study
By MedXY|Apr 28, 2026
A study demonstrates that short bursts of vigorous bodyweight exercise reduce postprandial hyperglycemia and glycemic variability in individuals with type 2 diabetes, offering a practical intervention for glucose management.
Diabetes & EndocrinologyBardet-Biedl syndromeciliopathy
Endocrine Profile in Pediatric Bardet-Biedl Syndrome: Insights from a Large Multidisciplinary Cohort
By MedXY|Apr 28, 2026
A retrospective study of 135 pediatric BBS patients reveals high prevalence of obesity (77.6%) and short stature (21.1%), with low rates of hypogonadism, hypothyroidism, and glucose metabolism disorders compared to adult populations.
Clinical Updatescardiovascular riskGLP-1 RA
Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and Vascular Protection: Mitigating Systemic and Ocular Risks in High-Risk Type 2 Diabetes
By MedXY|Apr 27, 2026
A large-scale cohort study demonstrates that GLP-1 RAs significantly reduce macrovascular and microvascular complications, including proliferative retinopathy and retinal vein occlusion, in patients with pre-existing diabetic retinopathy.
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