Section
A genomic epidemiological study reveals that mixed infections and heteroresistance are prevalent among multidrug-resistant tuberculosis cases in Shanghai, complicating diagnosis and treatment.
Immune non-response despite ART in people with HIV significantly increases risk of both AIDS-defining and non-AIDS-defining comorbidities, underscoring the need for enhanced risk assessment beyond CD4+ T-cell counts.
This study reveals that over 80% of tuberculosis cases among South African household contacts are asymptomatic and often missed by symptom and chest X-ray screening, highlighting the need for improved diagnostic strategies to detect subclin
A randomized trial found outpatient treatment of young infants with a single low-mortality-risk sign of possible serious bacterial infection is non-inferior to inpatient care, with lower mortality rates and comparable safety.
This multicountry trial demonstrates that early switch from injectable to oral antibiotics with early discharge in young infants with moderate-risk serious bacterial infections is safe and effective, with potential to optimize healthcare re
This review synthesizes motivations, facilitators, and barriers of donation-based interventions in HIV/STI research, revealing key factors that enhance access to services through prosocial behaviors in diverse global settings.
A large prospective study demonstrates that olfactory dysfunction is prevalent and often clinically unrecognized long after SARS-CoV-2 infection, highlighting the value of formal smell testing in patient care and cognitive risk assessment.
This multicentre longitudinal cohort study reveals significant HIV prevalence and incidence among adults aged 40 and older in sub-Saharan Africa, highlighting age, gender, education, and rural residency as critical factors influencing HIV r
Recent evidence confirms active West Nile virus transmission across Brazil with significant neurological impact and fatalities, emphasizing the need for enhanced surveillance and public health action in South America.
This study investigates whether sterile lyophilised fecal filtrate is as effective as traditional donor stool in preventing recurrent C. difficile infection, highlighting the importance of live microbes in treatment efficacy.
This comprehensive review explores the EPO2CH trial, which assessed a multi-component care bundle’s effectiveness in reducing surgical site infections after abdominal surgery, highlighting key findings, limitations, and clinical impli
This study quantifies how specific resistance genes influence minimum inhibitory concentrations in E. coli, enhancing prediction accuracy for antibiotic resistance.
A comprehensive genomic analysis of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) reveals distinct single nucleotide and structural variations linked to various human diseases, especially hematological malignancies, highlighting viral mechanisms underlying path
This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials finds no significant association between proton pump inhibitor use and increased risk of Clostridioides difficile infection, challenging earlier observational data and
This study demonstrates that empirical donor exclusion combined with a two-dose capsule regimen significantly improves cure rates in Clostridioides difficile infection treated with encapsulated faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT).
This systematic review and meta-analysis assess the additional protection from a second dose of influenza vaccine in vaccine-naive children under nine years old, highlighting significant benefits particularly for those under three years.
AI demonstrates high accuracy in identifying mpox and other anogenital conditions from clinical images, yet significant research gaps and validation needs remain before clinical adoption.
The AS01E-adjuvanted RSVPreF3 OA vaccine demonstrates robust efficacy against RSV-related lower respiratory tract disease over three seasons in adults aged 60+, with a favorable safety profile and promising immunogenicity findings.
This study assesses the safety and immune response of an adjuvanted RSVPreF3 vaccine in adult allogeneic hematopoietic cell and lung transplant recipients, highlighting modest antibody responses but robust CD4+ T-cell activation, supporting
A large randomized trial in the U.S. found no significant improvement in influenza vaccination rates with cardiovascular-focused messaging compared to usual care, despite prior positive findings in Denmark.
