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A large multicenter Brazilian cohort found that ICU-level structure and process measures — staffing, prevention protocols, hand hygiene training, visitation policies, and specific clinical roles — explain substantial between-hospital variab
A 50‑ICU nested cohort from the IMPACTO‑MR platform links ICU-level structure and care processes to substantially different ventilator‑associated pneumonia and central line‑associated bloodstream infection rates, highlighting modifiable ins
The ImmunoSep randomized trial found that biomarker-guided immunotherapy (anakinra for macrophage activation‑like syndrome; interferon‑γ for sepsis‑induced immunoparalysis) improved organ dysfunction by day 9 versus placebo, though 28‑day m
A phase 2a human challenge trial found a nucleoside‑modified mRNA influenza vaccine provided complete protection against symptomatic and febrile A/H1N1 infection versus unvaccinated controls and reduced viral load versus control and QIV, wi
A randomized trial of 20,330 girls 12–16 years shows one dose of bivalent or nonavalent HPV vaccine prevents persistent HPV16/18 infection as effectively as two doses over 5 years, with high effectiveness and no safety signals.
A multicentre phase 1 trial in healthy US adults found nOPV1 and nOPV3 were well tolerated and induced robust homotypic neutralising antibody responses with shedding profiles similar to Sabin monovalent OPV, supporting progression to phase
A multicentre phase 3 trial shows single‑ and multidose EuTCV (Vi‑CRM197) are immunologically non‑inferior to Typbar TCV in infants 9–12 months, with comparable safety and reactogenicity across ages — supporting WHO prequalification.
A multinational prospective cohort found high viral suppression after switching or initiating tenofovir–lamivudine–dolutegravir (TLD), but emergent dolutegravir-resistance was detected in a small subgroup with prior virological failure and
In a phase 2a human challenge, high‑dose daily mosnodenvir substantially reduced DENV‑3 RNA burden versus placebo without serious adverse events, but treatment‑associated NS4B viral mutations emerged, highlighting efficacy and resistance co
A 2025 bayesian meta-analysis of 14 RCTs (n=1,322) found shorter or no antibiotic prophylaxis after upper GI bleeding in cirrhosis was highly likely to be noninferior for mortality, though it increased reported bacterial infections. Study l
Phase 2b data show olorofim has activity and acceptable tolerability in patients with invasive fungal disease and limited options, including azole‑resistant Aspergillus and intrinsically resistant moulds, supporting further controlled studi
This study evaluates immune responses and HPV infection rates in Indian girls after receiving one, two, or three doses of the quadrivalent HPV vaccine, supporting WHO’s recommendation for two doses spaced at least six months apart.
PRIMAVERA immunobridging shows single-dose Cervarix induces near-universal seropositivity at 36 months and non-inferior HPV-18 antibodies versus three-dose Gardasil-4, but HPV-16 antibody GMCs were lower; results inform but do not yet suppo
In a multicentre test‑negative study of 1006 adults aged 75–79 in England, a bivalent RSV pre‑F vaccine reduced RSV‑associated hospitalisation by 82% overall and protected against severe disease and exacerbations of chronic heart and lung d
A randomized trial in India found no superiority of oral voriconazole over itraconazole for chronic pulmonary aspergillosis at 6 months; efficacy was similar, but voriconazole caused more adverse events.
The Clo‑Fast phase 2c trial tested a 3‑month rifapentine‑clofazimine regimen versus standard 6‑month therapy for drug‑susceptible pulmonary TB. Culture conversion at 12 weeks was similar, but shorter therapy had higher grade ≥3 adverse even
Two randomized trials from Pemba Island show orodispersible ivermectin–albendazole yields dose‑dependent high cure rates in preschool children, and moxidectin–albendazole is superior to albendazole alone in school‑aged children, both with a
A pooled individual‑patient meta‑analysis (6056 participants) shows single low‑dose primaquine (0.25 mg/kg) added to ACTs reduces gametocyte carriage and mosquito infectivity across ages and transmission settings without increasing clinical
This review synthesizes evidence on MAM01, a monoclonal antibody targeting Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein, summarizing its first-in-human phase 1 trial demonstrating safety and protective efficacy, alongside contextual advan
An international Delphi consensus defined a Core Outcome Measurement Set (COMS) for dengue trials to harmonise outcome selection and measurement across settings, improving comparability and evidence synthesis.
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