Tuberculosis Post-Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Low-Incidence Settings: Risk Factors, Clinical Trajectories, and Screening Mandates

MedXY Editorial Team•Apr 2, 2026•Clinical Updates

The incidence of tuberculosis (TB) in Allo-HSCT recipients in a low-incidence country (France) is approximately 60 per 100,000 patient-years, significantly higher than the general population.
The most potent independent risk factor is being born in a high-TB-incidence country (OR = 19.4), emphasizing the role of reactivation of latent TB infection (LTBI).
Extrapulmonary TB is the dominant presentation (82% of cases), often complicating diagnosis and requiring prolonged multi-drug therapy.
Management is hindered by severe adverse drug reactions (25%) and TB-attributable mortality (9%), necessitating rigorous pre-transplant screening protocols.

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This article was created using several editorial tools, including AI, as part of the process. Human editors reviewed this content before publication.