Sustained Metabolic Benefits of a Remote Ketogenic Nutrition Program in Veterans with Type 2 Diabetes: A 3-Year Observational Study

Introduction

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) presents a significant health burden, particularly among United States veterans who face a disproportionately high prevalence and complexity of comorbid conditions. Veteran populations often contend with compounded challenges such as psychosocial stressors, multimorbidity, and barriers to healthcare access, which can hinder effective diabetes management. Traditional treatment regimens relying heavily on medication intensification frequently encounter issues related to adherence and patient preferences. Hence, innovative, accessible interventions that provide continuous support and empower veterans to manage T2D effectively are critically needed.

Remote telemedicine interventions offer promise for overcoming geographic and logistical barriers in this population. However, many telemedicine programs lack sustained engagement and comprehensive support, limiting long-term clinical impact. A ketogenic nutrition program delivered via continuous remote care—integrating individualized coaching, real-time biomarker monitoring, and medication management—may offer an effective, scalable approach to improve metabolic outcomes in veterans with T2D.