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High fructose intake can directly activate immune cells, worsening intestinal inflammation linked to IBD, but the diabetes drug metformin shows promise in reversing these effects.
A large retrospective study found that diabetic patients using metformin for at least five consecutive years have a significantly lower risk of developing age-related macular degeneration, especially the dry type.
Combining metformin with a moderate FODMAP diet improves postprandial glucose control, enhances GLP-1 secretion, increases butyrate-producing gut bacteria, and reduces inflammation without worsening gastrointestinal side effects in prediabe
Recent randomized and mechanistic studies provide a nuanced view: metformin shows plausible anti‑aging mechanisms and microbiome‑linked cognitive associations, but randomized trials report no clear anti‑cancer or anti‑senescence effects in
Recent large RCTs show metformin does not improve survival or reduce metabolic syndrome risk in prostate cancer patients on ADT, though it modestly improves metabolic parameters.