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Decompensated cirrhosis markedly elevates mortality, complications, and costs following cardiac surgery. Optimized risk models and tailored management are essential for improved patient outcomes.
Social vulnerability significantly elevates mortality and complications after major cardiac surgery, and treatment at high-volume centers does not mitigate these disparities, highlighting the need for systemic interventions beyond hospital
The VISION Cardiac Surgery cohort found POAF in about one-third of patients, with wide variation in discharge treatment. POAF strongly predicted later atrial fibrillation and was associated with higher 1-year mortality.
Recent high-quality randomized clinical trials and meta-analyses suggest that routine magnesium sulfate infusion does not effectively prevent postoperative atrial fibrillation in cardiac surgery, especially when used alongside standard beta
The DOCS trial, a multi-center randomized controlled study, found that perioperative dexmedetomidine infusion did not significantly reduce in-hospital mortality or major complications in adults undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonar
This review synthesizes evidence demonstrating that 4-factor prothrombin complex concentrate (4F-PCC) offers superior hemostatic efficacy and safety compared to frozen plasma in managing coagulopathic bleeding during cardiac surgery, suppor
The CLIP-II trial evaluated dimethyl sulfoxide-cryopreserved platelets with extended shelf-life against conventional liquid-stored platelets in cardiac surgery bleeding, finding noninferiority was not established and cryopreserved platelets
A retrospective MIMIC‑IV cohort presented at AHA 2025 found perioperative metformin exposure in T2DM patients undergoing cardiac surgery associated with markedly lower 30‑, 90‑ and 360‑day mortality. Results are compelling but observational
The ReCePI randomized phase 3 trial found that amustaline/glutathione pathogen-reduced red blood cells produced similar rates of acute kidney injury compared with conventional transfusion after cardiac or thoracic-aorta surgery, with few tr
This article reviews a large retrospective study evaluating acute normovolemic hemodilution (ANH) in adult cardiac surgery, demonstrating its association with reduced blood transfusions and cost savings, yet highlighting its underuse in cli
The NEW-AF trial compared rivaroxaban and warfarin in new-onset atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery, finding no difference in length of hospital stay but greater patient convenience and similar safety with rivaroxaban.
The ALBICS AKI trial reveals that postoperative infusion of 20% albumin increases acute kidney injury risk in high-risk cardiac surgery patients, challenging prior assumptions about albumin’s nephroprotective role in this setting.
Perioperative nitric oxide administration in CKD patients undergoing cardiac surgery significantly reduces acute kidney injury incidence and preserves renal function, while demonstrating safety and additional benefits against postoperative
A large multinational trial found that acute normovolemic hemodilution (ANH) did not significantly reduce allogeneic red-cell transfusion in adult cardiac surgery patients, with similar safety outcomes compared to usual care.