Low-dose cadmium (Cd) exposure in early pregnancy is associated with more than double the risk of developing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
Cadmium promotes placental syncytiotrophoblast differentiation and alters mitochondrial metabolism, skewing glucose utilization and enhancing insulin-resistance hormone production.
Mechanistic insights reveal that environmental Cd may drive GDM risk via placental metabolic reprogramming rather than direct maternal glucose dysregulation alone.
Study Background and Disease Burden
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This article was created using several editorial tools, including AI, as part of the process. Human editors reviewed this content before publication.
