Spleen volume ≥500 mL or length ≥140 mm serves as a critical threshold, where the 5-year absolute risk of hematologic cancer reaches up to 46% in elderly populations.
Incidentally detected splenomegaly is a potent predictor not only of hematologic malignancies but also of cirrhosis and primary liver cancer.
Specific quantitative cutoffs (length 130-139 mm; volume 400-499 mL) define a ‘moderate risk’ zone requiring clinical vigilance.
The integration of age, sex, and splenic metrics is essential for personalized risk assessment and determining the necessity of invasive workups like bone marrow biopsy.
Background
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