Advances in Graft-versus-Host Disease Prophylaxis: Cyclophosphamide and Cyclosporin in Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation

Highlights

• Post-transplant cyclophosphamide combined with cyclosporin significantly extends GVHD-free, relapse-free survival compared to standard methotrexate-based prophylaxis in matched related donor allogeneic SCT.
• The new regimen reduces the incidence of severe (grade III-IV) acute GVHD and shows a trend toward improved overall survival.
• Adverse event rates are comparable between the two prophylactic strategies in the early post-transplant period.
• This approach offers a promising alternative in both myeloablative and reduced-intensity conditioning settings for high-risk hematologic malignancies.

Clinical Background and Disease Burden