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This study identifies distinct placental pathology risks across ultrasound-defined fetal growth phenotypes in dichorionic twins, proposing risk categories to guide clinical management and future research on late-onset fetal growth restricti
This review explores the association between maternal anti-HLA antibodies and fetal growth restriction (FGR), synthesizing evidence that suggests an alloimmune mechanism may contribute to placental dysfunction and restricted fetal developme
Early pregnancy urinary oxylipins linked inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways to small-for-gestational-age birth, with distinct signatures for early- and late-onset growth restriction. Associations with large-for-gestational-age birth
This report examines the progression of Umbilical Artery Doppler abnormalities in 241 severe early-onset FGR cases, providing critical timelines for clinical deterioration, delivery planning, and fetal death risk assessment.
