Congenital Malformations

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Evaluating the Safety of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and New-Generation Glucose-Lowering Agents in Pregnant Women with Type 2 Diabetes: Insights from a French Nationwide Study

A French nationwide cohort study finds first-trimester exposure to second-line glucose-lowering agents, including GLP-1 receptor agonists, is generally safe for pregnancies with type 2 diabetes, though a slight increase in cardiac malformat

Oct 4, 2026Sign in to read

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Lithium Use in Pregnancy: Balancing Risks of Spontaneous Preterm Birth, Cardiac Malformations, and Fetal Growth

A statewide Australian cohort study reveals lithium exposure during pregnancy doubles risk of spontaneous preterm birth and raises risks of cardiac malformations and large-for-gestational-age infants, informing clinical decision-making.

Jul 11, 2026

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First-Trimester Z-Drug Exposure Does Not Increase Overall Risk of Congenital Malformations

A large-scale US cohort study of over 4.2 million pregnancies found no significant association between first-trimester Z-drug exposure—primarily zolpidem—and major congenital malformations, providing clinical reassurance for managing severe

Dec 23, 2025