Introduction: A Paradigm Shift in Early Relapse Management
The management of multiple myeloma (MM) has been revolutionized over the last decade by the introduction of proteasome inhibitors (PIs), immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs), and monoclonal antibodies. However, the emergence of lenalidomide-refractory disease early in the treatment course represents a significant clinical hurdle. For patients who fail lenalidomide-based regimens in the first to third line of therapy, subsequent outcomes have historically been suboptimal with conventional triplet or quadruplet combinations. The CARTITUDE-4 trial was designed to address this unmet need by evaluating ciltacabtagene autoleucel (cilta-cel), a B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA)-directed chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, against the current standard of care (SoC).
